As Cork enjoys glorious sunshine with temperatures soaring to 27°C today, health experts are reminding locals that proper sun protection is absolutely critical during these peak UV conditions.
With the mercury climbing and not a cloud in sight over the Lee Valley, today’s weather presents prime conditions for serious UV exposure. Unlike those famously cloudy Cork days when up to 80% of harmful rays still penetrate cloud cover, today’s clear skies mean virtually 100% of dangerous ultraviolet radiation is reaching the ground.
The distinction between UVA and UVB rays becomes particularly important during sunny spells like today’s. UVB rays, which cause sunburn, are at their strongest during clear, sunny conditions. Meanwhile, UVA rays, accounting for up to 95% of UV radiation reaching Earth’s surface, penetrate deeply into skin causing long-term damage including premature ageing and increased cancer risk.
Understanding SPF Ratings for Sunny Days
The Sun Protection Factor (SPF) system measures protection against UVB rays specifically. The numbers reveal diminishing returns beyond a certain point: SPF 15 blocks 93% of UVB rays, SPF 30 blocks 97%, whilst SPF 50 blocks 98%. The jump in protection between SPF 30 and higher factors is minimal, making SPF 30 the sweet spot for most people.
Crucially, SPF doesn’t indicate how long you can stay in the sun. Instead, it measures the amount of UV radiation needed to cause sunburn compared to unprotected skin. On sunny days like today, UV intensity peaks between 11am and 3pm.
The Irish Star Rating System
In Ireland and the UK, sunscreens feature a star rating system from 0 to 5 stars, indicating UVA protection levels. This system is independent of SPF and measures how effectively the product shields against skin-ageing UVA rays. Higher star ratings provide better UVA protection.
Look for the letters “UVA” inside a circle on packaging, which indicates the product meets EU standards by providing UVA protection of at least one-third of the SPF value. Products offering both UVA and UVB protection are termed “broad spectrum” sunscreens.
Expert Warning for Today’s Conditions
Kevin O’Hagan, Cancer Prevention Manager with the Irish Cancer Society, emphasises:
“On sunny days like today in Ireland, UV rays can cause significant damage to skin cells. Taking steps like applying sunscreen, covering up by wearing a hat and sunglasses and seeking shade becomes absolutely essential to reduce your risk of skin cancer.”
The UV index, available on most weather forecasts, provides daily guidance. When it reaches 3 (moderate) or above, sun protection becomes essential. On sunny days with temperatures reaching 28°C like today, the UV index will likely be very high, making protection absolutely critical.
Cork’s coastal location means additional UV reflection off the harbour waters and River Lee, potentially increasing exposure even for those seeking shade along the quays or in Fitzgerald Park.
Application Guidelines for Hot Weather
Adults should apply approximately six to eight teaspoons of sunscreen to cover their entire body. Most people apply too little, reducing the protection significantly. On hot, sunny days like today, sunscreen should be applied 15-30 minutes before going outdoors and reapplied every two hours, or immediately after swimming, sweating, or towel drying.
For extended outdoor activities during today’s heat, incorporating additional protection like wide-brimmed hats, sunglasses, and lightweight, long-sleeved clothing provides extra defence.
Special Considerations for Ireland
People with naturally pale, freckled skin typical of the Irish population burn more quickly than those with darker skin tones, particularly during intense sunny conditions. However, all skin types can develop cancer regardless of natural protection levels.
Children require particular attention, with those under six months kept out of direct sunlight entirely. The NHS recommends all children under five take vitamin D supplements to ensure adequate levels while maintaining sun protection.
Remember that UV rays reflect off water, sand, and concrete, increasing exposure even in shaded areas. This is particularly relevant for Cork’s many riverside and coastal areas where reflected radiation can catch people unaware during sunny weather.
UV radiation is invisible and doesn’t correlate with temperature, meaning you can burn even when feeling cool in a breeze. Make sunscreen as routine as your morning coffee, especially on gorgeous sunny days like today.